ABSTRACT
En la actualidad, se requiere un mayor repertorio de pruebas válidas y confiables que evalúen el desempeño fonético-fonológico en niños chilenos. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la validez y fiabilidad del Test de Repetición Fonético-Fonológica (TREFF). La validación fue llevada a cabo mediante un juicio de expertos y la fiabilidad fue determinada mediante el análisis estadístico de la estabilidad temporal y la concordancia intra-e interjueces. Para este proceso, se aplicó el instrumento en una población infantil perteneciente al nivel sociocultural medio alto, con un desarrollo fonético-fonológico acorde a lo esperado para su edad. El análisis de las respuestas fue realizado por tres jueces evaluadores, quienes determinaron si el niño o la niña lograba producir los elementos evaluados. Respecto a la validación, el instrumento fue modificado considerando las sugerencias de los expertos. En cuanto a la fiabilidad, los resultados obtenidos demostraron estabilidad temporal y un alto grado de concordancia a nivel intra-e interjueces. El estudio permite concluir que el test TREFF cumple con los criterios devalidez y fiabilidad.
At present, a greater repertoire of valid and reliable tests is required to evaluate the phonetic-phonological performance in Chilean children. The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the Phonetic-Phonological Repetition Test (TREFF). Validation was carried out by expert judgment and reliability was determined by statistical analysis of temporal stability and intra and inter-judge agreement. Forthis process, the instrument was applied in a medium-high sociocultural level child population, with a phonetic-phonological development according to what was expected for their age. The analysis of the responses was carried out by three evaluating judges, who determined if the boy or girl achieved to produce the elements evaluated. In terms of validation, the instrument was modified considering the experts' suggestions. Concerning to reliability, the results obtained demonstrated temporal stability and a high degree of concordance at the intra-judge and inter-judge levels. The study allows us to conclude that the TREFF test meets the validity and reliability criteria.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Speech Articulation Tests , Phonetics , Chile , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
La insuficiencia velofaríngea (IVF) secundaria de fisura del paladar corresponde al cierre incompleto del mecanismo velofaríngeo durante el habla, debido a una falta de tejido en el paladar blando o las paredes de la faringe, lo cual genera una resonancia hipernasal y una emisión nasal de aire en los sonidos orales. Al respecto, en la literatura existen diversas propuestas para la evaluación perceptual de la IVF. Por esto, el objetivo del presente estudio es describir la evaluación perceptiva auditiva de la insuficiencia velofaríngea, mediante una revisión integradora de literatura. Para ello, en mayo de 2020 las bases de datos electrónicas PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO y Cochrane, fueron consultadas utilizando las palabras claves en inglés: "Velopharyngeal Sphincter", "Velopharyngeal Insufficiency", "Cleft Palate", "Speech Intelligibility", "Speech Production Measurement", "Speech Articulation Tests" y "Speech-Language Pathology" y sus respectivos equivalentes en portugués y español. Se seleccionaron artículos originales relacionados al tema, y se creó un protocolo específico para la extracción de los datos. En total se encontraron 2.385 artículos. De ellos, 2.354 fueron excluidos por el título, 13 por el resumen y 3 luego de la lectura del texto completo. Finalmente, a partir de la metodología desarrollada, en esta revisión fueron utilizados 33 artículos. A partir de la revisión realizada se concluye que los parámetros más utilizados en la evaluación son la hipernasalidad, la emisión nasal y la articulación compensatoria asociada a IVF. Estos parámetros son evaluados principalmente en oraciones, habla espontánea y palabras, por un fonoaudiólogo experto, en vivo y mediante grabaciones de audio.
Secondary Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) to cleft palate corresponds to the incomplete closure of the velopharyngeal mechanism during speech, due to lack of tissue in the soft palate or the walls of the pharynx, which generates a hypernasal resonance and nasal air emission in oral sounds. In this regard, there are various proposals in the literature for the perceptual evaluation of VPI. For this reason, the objective of the present study is to describe the auditory perceptual evaluation of velopharyngeal insufficiency, through an integrative literature review. To this end, in May 2020 the electronic databases PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO and Cochrane were consulted using the key words in English: "Velopharyngeal Sphincter", "Velopharyngeal Insufficiency", "Cleft Palate", "Speech Intelligibility", "Speech Production Measurement", "Speech Articulation Tests" and "Speech-Language Pathology", and their equivalent properties in Portuguese and Spanish. Original articles related to the topic were selected, and a specific protocol for data extraction was created. In total, 2,385 articles were found. Of these, 2,354 were excluded due to the title, 13 due to the abstract and 3 after reading the full text. Finally, based on the methodology developed, 33 articles were used in this review. From the review carried out, it is concluded that the parameters most used in the evaluation are hypernasality, nasal emission and the compensatory joint associated with IVF. These parameters are evaluated mainly in sentences, spontaneous speech and words, by an expert speech therapist, live and through audio recordings.
Subject(s)
Humans , Auditory Perception , Speech Production Measurement/methods , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/diagnosis , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech Intelligibility , Speech-Language Pathology , Cleft Palate , Velopharyngeal SphincterABSTRACT
Abstract Developments in magnetic resonance imaging have expanded its role in the assessment of the female pelvis, including the diagnosis of ovarian lesions. In this setting, diffusion-weighted imaging has proven its diagnostic value, which is particularly important in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian tumors. In general, the latter show restricted diffusion, whereas the former do not. Exceptions include teratomas, endometriomas, hemorrhagic cysts, ovarian abscesses, ovarian infarction, and some benign stromal tumors. The aim of this review is to draw attention to benign ovarian lesions with restricted diffusion, with a special focus on diffusion-weighted imaging pearls and pitfalls.
Resumo Os recentes desenvolvimentos nas técnicas de ressonância magnética aumentaram o seu papel na avaliação da pelve em mulheres, incluindo o diagnóstico de lesões ovarianas. A imagem ponderada em difusão comprovou ter um valor diagnóstico indiscutível, fato particularmente importante na diferenciação entre tumores ovarianos benignos e malignos. Em geral, os últimos têm restrição na difusão, enquanto os primeiros não. As exceções incluem teratomas, endometriomas, cistos hemorrágicos, abcessos ovarianos, enfarte ovariano e alguns tumores benignos do estroma ovariano. Esta revisão tem como objetivo expor lesões ovarianas benignas com restrição na difusão, com especial enfoque nas pérolas e armadilhas da imagem ponderada em difusão.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Speech/physiology , Speech Acoustics , Cerebral Cortex/physiology , Neural Networks, Computer , Movement/physiology , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech Intelligibility , Biomechanical Phenomena/physiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate correlations between values of articulation tests and language tests for children with articulation disorder in Korea. METHODS: Data of outpatients with chief complaint of an articulation problem were retrospectively collected. Patients who underwent Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonation (U-TAP) with Assessment of Phonology and Articulation for Children (APAC), Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES), or Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT) simultaneously were identified. Patients whose word-level percentages of correct consonants in U-TAP (UTAP_wC) were more than 2 standard deviations below the mean as diagnostic criteria for articulation disorder were selected. Those whose receptive language age (P_RLA), expressive language age (P_ELA), or combined language age (P_CLA) in PRES was delayed more than 24 months compared to their chronological age in months as diagnostic criteria for language disorder were excluded. RESULTS: Thirty-three children aged 3–6 years were enrolled retrospectively. PRES and U-TAP showed significant correlations for most of value relationships. PRES and APAC showed significant correlations for all value relationships except for receptive language age. All values of REVT were significantly correlated with all values from U-TAP, but not with any value from APAC. Articulation tests U-TAP and APAC showed significant correlations between percentages of correct consonants. Language tests PRES and REVT showed significant correlations for all value relationships. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that articulation abilities and language abilities might be correlated in children with articulation disorder.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Articulation Disorders , Korea , Language , Language Disorders , Language Tests , Outpatients , Phonation , Retrospective Studies , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech DisordersABSTRACT
RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar os efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica com enfoque na consciência fonológica e fonoarticulatória nas habilidades de fala e no processo de alfabetização de crianças com distúrbios dos sons da fala. Participaram deste estudo sete crianças com idade entre seis e sete anos, de ambos os gêneros e com queixa de alterações na fala. As crianças foram submetidas às seguintes avaliações fonoaudiológicas: Avaliação Fonológica da Criança, Exame Articulatório, Avaliação Consciência Fonoarticulatória, Prova de Consciência Fonológica Por Produção Oral e Avaliação da Escrita de Palavras. Em seguida, foram submetidas à terapia fonoaudiológica por meio do software "Pedro em uma noite assustadora", semanalmente, com duração de aproximadamente 30 minutos cada. Ao final de oito sessões as crianças foram reavaliadas com os mesmos instrumentos utilizados na avaliação inicial. Os dados foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos, constatou-se melhora na fala, nas habilidades de consciência fonoarticulatória e de consciência fonológica e da Hipótese de Escrita de todas as crianças. Pode-se concluir que a terapia fonoaudiológica com enfoque nas habilidades de consciência fonológica e fonoarticulatórias, a partir de software especifico, influenciou a organização dos padrões de fala e aquisição da linguagem escrita na maioria dos sujeitos.
ABSTRACT To verify the effects of Speech Therapy focusing on phonological awareness and articulatory awareness in speech skills and in the literacy process of children with speech sound disorders. Seven children, aged between six and seven years old, male and female, and with speech disorders complaints participated in this study. These children were submitted to the following speech and language assessments: Children Phonological Assessment, Articulation Test, Articulatory Awareness Assessment, Phonological Awareness Testing by Oral Production and Word Writing Evaluation. Afterwards, they underwent speech and language therapy through the software "Pedro em uma noite assustadora". The sessions took place once a week, lasting approximately 30 minutes each. At the end of eight sessions, the children were reassessed with the same instruments used in the initial assessment. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the analysis of data obtained, improvement in speech, articulatory awareness and phonological awareness skills, and Spelling Hypothesis of all children was observed. It can be concluded that speech therapy focusing on phonological awareness and articulatory awareness skills based on specific software has influenced the organization of speech patterns and acquisition of written language in most subjects.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Speech/physiology , Speech Therapy/methods , Software , Speech Sound Disorder/physiopathology , Speech Sound Disorder/therapy , Reference Values , Speech Articulation Tests , Awareness/physiology , Writing , Severity of Illness Index , Phonetics , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Literacy , Language Development , Language Tests , Learning Disabilities/physiopathologyABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o padrão ultrassonográfico do movimento de língua em 14 fonemas consonantais do Português Brasileiro (doravante PB), buscando identificar e descrever que parâmetros ultrassonográficos poderiam apreender a diferença de modo e ponto de articulação entre esses fonemas. Método Foram selecionados 20 indivíduos com produção típica de fala, de 20 a 30 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Os estímulos selecionados contemplaram os 14 fonemas consonantais linguais do PB no contexto da vogal [a]. Os dados foram coletados e analisados com o uso do ultrassom e dos softwares AAA (Articulate Assistant Advanced) e Ultra-CATS (The Ultrasonographic Contour Analyzer for Tongue Surfaces). Três índices ultrassonográficos (US) foram utilizados para análise de dados: índice de anterioridade (IA), média global (MG) e índice de anterioridade relativa (IAR). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados A ANOVA mostrou efeito significante para os índices IAR e MG, sendo que o IAR diferenciou os fonemas quanto ao ponto (alveolar, pré-palatal, palatal e velar) e modo de articulação (fricativa, nasal e oclusiva) e o MG diferenciou os fonemas somente quanto ao ponto de articulação (alveolar, pré-palatal e velar). Conclusão Não houve um único índice US que pudesse diferenciar todos os pontos e modos de articulação simultaneamente. A aplicação clínica para análise das alterações da produção da fala requer o uso de pelo menos dois índices ultrassonográficos: um para distinguir ponto e outro para distinguir o modo de articulação.
ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this study was to characterize the ultrasonographic pattern of tongue movement in 14 consonant phonemes of Brazilian Portuguese (BP), seeking to identify and describe ultrasonographic parameters that could grasp the difference of manner and place of articulation among these phonemes. Methods We selected 20 individuals with typical speech production, aged between 20-30 years of both genders. The selected stimuli included the 14 lingual consonant BP phonemes in the intervocalic context of [a]. Data were collected and analyzed with the use of ultrasound, and the AAA (Articulate Assistant Advanced) and the Ultra-CATS (The Ultrasonographic Contour Analyzer for Tongue Surfaces) softwares. Three ultrasound parameters were used for data analysis: anteriority index (AI), global average of tongue height (GA) and relative anteriority index (RAI). Data were statistically analyzed. Results ANOVA showed a significant effect on the parameters and the RAI differentiated phonemes as the place (alveolar, pre-palatal, palatal and velar) and manner of articulation (fricative, nasal and occlusive); GA differentiate phonemes only as the place of articulation (alveolar, pre-palatal and velar). Conclusion There was no single US parameter that could differentiate place and manner of articulation simultaneously. The clinical application for analysis of speech production disorders require the use of at least two ultrasound parameters: one to distinguish the place and another to distinguish the articulation manner.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Speech Articulation Tests/methods , Tongue/physiology , Tongue/diagnostic imaging , Phonetics , Speech , Brazil , Ultrasonography , LanguageABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify a cutoff value based on the Percentage of Consonants Correct-Revised index that could indicate the likelihood of a child with a speech-sound disorder also having a (central) auditory processing disorder . METHODS: Language, audiological and (central) auditory processing evaluations were administered. The participants were 27 subjects with speech-sound disorders aged 7 to 10 years and 11 months who were divided into two different groups according to their (central) auditory processing evaluation results. RESULTS: When a (central) auditory processing disorder was present in association with a speech disorder, the children tended to have lower scores on phonological assessments. A greater severity of speech disorder was related to a greater probability of the child having a (central) auditory processing disorder. The use of a cutoff value for the Percentage of Consonants Correct-Revised index successfully distinguished between children with and without a (central) auditory processing disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of speech-sound disorder in children was influenced by the presence of (central) auditory processing disorder. The attempt to identify a cutoff value based on a severity index was successful.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Language Development Disorders/diagnosis , Speech Sound Disorder/diagnosis , Language Development Disorders/complications , Language Tests/standards , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index , Speech Articulation Tests/standards , Speech Sound Disorder/etiologyABSTRACT
A fala é definida como a representação motora da Linguagem, a partir da coordenação de três processos neurológicos: organização de conceitos, formulação e expressão simbólica; programação do ato motor envolvido na produção da fala e a sua própria produção motora. O controle motor da fala, que ordena a contração muscular para a sua execução de praxias, inclui o planejamento, a preparação de movimentos e a execução de planos, com vistas a contrações musculares e deslocamentos de estruturas que culminarão na articulação da fala. Os trabalhos científicos nacionais e internacionais vislumbram um novo campo de atuação fonoaudiológica para o trabalho com a fala alterada, com a estimulação da praxias não verbais. Os objetivos deste trabalho centram-se na elaboração de um Programa de Intervenção Práxico-produtivo e aplicação em crianças com transtorno fonológico, para verificar sua aplicabilidade na clínica fonoaudiológica. O trabalho foi dividido em 2 etapas. A 1ª etapa contou com a revisão, na bibliografia nacional e internacional, do tratamento dado às praxias orais e não verbais e suas aplicações clínicas no âmbito fonoaudiológico, por meio de busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs e Scielo. Os artigos mostraram que a praxia não verbal pode ser estimulada para o trabalho clínico com a fala, no entanto, não há descrição do trabalho fonoaudiológico, tampouco um detalhamento de exercícios em sequência que poderiam ser usados. Nenhum artigo referiu o modo pelo qual as praxias não verbais deveriam ser trabalhadas, nem mesmo como se deve estimular a programação motora para a fala. Baseados nessa revisão, este estudo propôs um programa de estimulação das praxias não verbais de lábios e língua e dos aspectos fonológicos em 12 sessões pré-determinadas. Após elaboração do programa, aplicouse o material em 12 crianças, com idades entre 6 e 8 anos, com transtorno fonológico, que se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão do estudo, para mostrar sua aplicabilidade na clínica. Os resultados apontaram melhora da realização da fala em todos os sujeitos, no tempo estipulado pelo instrumento, com escores superiores nas provas avaliativas de fonologia e praxias orais pós-intervenção, quando comparadas aos scores da pré-intervenção. O Programa de Intervenção Práxico-produtivo mostrou-se útil, simples, de fácil aplicação pelo fonoaudiólogo e de bom entendimento pelos participantes, com respostas favoráveis à aquisição dos fonemas.(AU)
Speech is defined as the motor representation of language from the coordination of three neurological processes: organization of concepts, formulation and symbolic expression; programming of motor act involved in speech production and its own motor production. The speech motor control, which orders the muscle contraction for its execution, includes the planning, preparation of movements and execution of plans, with a view to muscle contractions and movements of structures that will culminate in speech. National and international scientific papers envision a new field of speech therapy to work with altered speech with the stimulation of non-verbal praxis. The objectives of the present study focuses on the development of a Program of Praxis- Productive Intervention and its application in children with phonological disorder in order to verify its usability in speech therapy. The study was defined in 2 parts. The 1st stage included a review of the national and international literature for the treatment of oral and non-verbal praxis and its clinical applications in the area of speech by searching in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The articles showed that nonverbal praxis can be stimulated for clinical work with speech, however, there is no description of speech therapy work, nor a breakdown of exercises in sequence that could be used. No article referred to the way in which non-verbal praxis should be worked, not even how to stimulate motor programming for speech. Based on this review, the present study proposed a stimulation program of non-verbal praxis of the lips and tongue and the phonological aspects in 12 predetermined sessions. After drawing up the program, the material was applied to 12 children, aged between 6 and 8 years with phonological disorder that met the inclusion criteria of the study in order to show their applicability in practice. The results showed improvement in the realization of Speech in all subjects at the time stipulated by the instrument, with higher scores on the evaluative evidence of Phonology and Oral Praxis post-intervention compared to the scores of pre-intervention. The Praxis-productive intervention program was useful, simple, easy to apply by the speech patologist and had a good understanding by the participants with favorable responses for the acquisition of phonemes.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Articulation Disorders/therapy , Myofunctional Therapy/methods , Speech Sound Disorder/therapy , Child Language , Motor Skills , Reproducibility of Results , Speech Articulation Tests , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
As crianças com fissura labiopalatina geralmente apresentam alterações fonoaudiológicas com manifestações em vários aspectos, especialmente no da comunicação. No que se refere à audição, os bebês que nascem com fissura no palato tendem a apresentar acúmulo de fluido na orelha média, devido ao mau funcionamento do mecanismo de abertura e fechamento da tuba auditiva. O quadro pode evoluir para otites, que é umas das causas mais comuns de perda auditiva em crianças com fissura labiopalatina com até 10 anos. Esta perda auditiva geralmente é do tipo condutiva bilateral. Sabe-se que a audição normal é essencial para a aquisição da linguagem oral e efetiva comunicação verbal, e que déficits do sistema auditivo, congênitos ou adquiridos afetam a transmissão e a percepção do som. Qualquer perda auditiva oferece privação sensorial, podendo, assim, levar a alterações em diferentes habilidades auditivas. São crescentes os estudos científicos relacionados às habilidades auditivas em crianças com fissura labiopalatina, contudo, existe uma escassez de trabalhos relacionando habilidades auditivas centrais com as alterações de fala na fissura labiopalatina. Assim, hipotetizou-se que as habilidades auditivas centrais em crianças com fissura labiopalatina que apresentam alterações de fala seriam diferentes das habilidades das crianças com fissura labiopalatina sem alteração de fala e também que poderia existir uma relação entre as alterações de fala relacionadas à Disfunção Velofaríngea e às habilidades auditivas centrais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a associação entre as habilidades auditivas centrais e alterações de fala decorrentes da Disfunção Velofaríngea (hipernasalidade e emissão de ar nasal), e Articulações Compensatórias em crianças com fissura labiopalatina operada. Nesta pesquisa, foi realizado um estudo prospectivo de 45 pacientes, subdividos em 3 grupos. Todos matriculados no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo, com fissura labiopalatina operada. Foram averiguados inicialmente em prontuário dados quanto à Disfunção Velofaríngea e ao uso de Articulações Compensatórias a fim de compor os três grupos do estudo, sendo o G1 com alterações de fala decorrentes da Disfunção Velofaríngea e Articulações Compensatórias, o G2 com alterações de fala decorrentes da Disfunção Velofaríngea, porém sem Articulações Compensatórias, e G3 (grupo controle) sem alterações de fala decorrentes da Disfunção Velofaríngea e sem Articulações Compensatórias. Posteriormente, os sujeitos foram submetidos à avaliação audiológica periférica e a testes do processamento auditivo central. A Articulação Compensatória de maior ocorrência foi a golpe de glote, seguida pela fricativa faríngea e plosiva dorso médio palatal. O G1 foi o grupo que apresentou o maior número de sujeitos com habilidades auditivas alteradas, seguido pelo G2, e G3. Foi encontrada significância estatística na associação do grupo com alterações de fala decorrentes da DVF e AC com as habilidades de figura-fundo e ordenação temporal. A habilidade de resolução temporal esteve alterada em toda amostra estudada.(AU)
Children with cleft lip and palate usually have speech-language disorders with manifestations in various aspects of communication and supply. With regard to auditing, children with cleft palate tend to have fluid buildup in the middle ear due to malfunction of the opening and closing mechanism of the Eustachian tube. The table may develop into Otitis, which is one of the most common causes of hearing loss in children up to 10 years with cleft lip and palate. This hearing loss is usually conductive type and bilateral. Normal hearing is essential for the acquisition of oral language and effective verbal communication and that deficits of the auditory system, congenital or acquired, affect the transmission and perception of sound. Any hearing loss offers sensory deprivation and may thus lead alteration in different hearing abilities.Scientific studies related to the auditory abilities in children with cleft lip and palate are increasing, however, there is a paucity of studies linking central auditory skills with speech disorders in the cleft lip and palate. Thus hypothesized dry the central auditory skills in children with cleft lip and palate who have speech disorders would be different from the skills of children with cleft lip and palate speechless change and also that could be a relationship between speech disorders related to velopharyngeal dysfunction and central auditory skills .The objective of this study is investigate the association between central auditory skills and speech disorders resulting from the velopharyngeal dysfunction (hypernasality and nasal air emission) and compensatory articulations in children with cleft palate. In this research it performed a prospective study of 45 patients, subdivided into 3 groups. All enrolled in the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital of the University of São Paulo, with operated cleft lip and palate. They were initially investigated in medical records data on the velopharyngeal dysfunction and use of compensatory articulations in order to compose the three study groups: the G1 with speech disorders resulting from the velopharyngeal dysfunction and compensatory articulations, G2 with speech disorders resulting from the velopharyngeal dysfunction But without compensatory articulations and G3 (control group) without speech disorders resulting from the velopharyngeal dysfunction and no compensatory articulations. Later the subjects underwent a peripheral audiological evaluation and auditory processing tests. The compensatory articulation was the most frequent glottal stop, followed by pharyngeal fricative and plosive average back palatal. The G1 was the group that had the highest number of subjects with altered auditory skills, followed by G2 and G3. Found statistically significant association between the group with speech disorders resulting from VPD and CA with the figure-ground skills and temporal skills. The temporal resolution skill was altered in all groups of this study.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Cleft Lip/complications , Cleft Palate/complications , Hearing Disorders/etiology , Speech Disorders/etiology , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/etiology , Cleft Lip/physiopathology , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Hearing Disorders/physiopathology , Hearing Tests , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech Disorders/physiopathology , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a influência das diferentes contenções ortodônticas superiores na fala e as percepções dos voluntários às diferentes condições provocadas pela sua utilização. Correlacionar as percepções entre si e com as dimensões do arco superior. Material e Métodos: Selecionou-se 21 (n) voluntários para utilizar 4 tipos de contenções removíveis superiores (Placa wrap-around convencional, em U e com orifício anterior e contenção termoplástica transparente-CTT) por 21 dias cada, com intervalos de 7 dias sem utilização entre elas. Durante a pesquisa, alguns voluntários desistiram ou não compareceram às avaliações, sendo excluídos. As percepções dos pacientes aos aparelhos foram avaliadas com a Escala Visual Analógica de 100 mm (n final=19), e correlacionou-se estas entre si. A avaliação da fala (n final=18) foi realizada em gravações de trechos vocais realizadas antes e imediatamente após a instalação das 4 contenções, assim como após 21 dias de uso destas. Para isto empregou-se a Análise Perceptiva Auditiva da fala e a Análise Acústica da frequência dos formantes F1 e F2 das vogais. Aplicou-se a ANOVA para dados repetidos e teste de Friedman com post hoc de Tukey, além das Correlações de Pearson e de Spearman para as avaliações. O nível de significância estatística estabelecido foi de 5%. Resultados: Os variados desenhos das contenções wrap-around não diferiram de forma significante em nenhuma das percepções e a CTT recebeu notas estatisticamente piores em todos os quesitos, com exceção da estética onde não diferiu estatisticamente das demais. Correlações positivas importantes foram encontradas entre alterações na fala e desconforto em todos os aparelhos. A interferência oclusal na CTT correlacionou-se muito positivamente a outras percepções, como alterações na fala e desconforto. Na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva, as alterações na fala aumentaram significantemente no momento imediato após a instalação do wrap-around com orifício e da CTT, e continuaram significantemente elevadas após 3 semanas. A frequência dos formantes das vogais foi prejudicada no momento inicial da instalação e as Alterações mantiveram-se presentes no wrap-around convencional, em U e na CTT após 3 semanas. Conclusões: A CTT prejudicou mais a fala que os wrap-around. Entre estes, os wrap-around convencional e em U interferiram menos na fala. O período de 3 semanas de uso dos aparelhos não foi totalmente suficiente para a readaptação da fala. A CTT foi pior classificada que as placas wrap-around em todas percepções avaliadas, exceto na estética, onde não diferiram significantemente. A cobertura oclusal da CTT pareceu ser a causadora da sua reprovação e das maiores alterações à fala nesta contenção. As dimensões do arco superior pouco influenciaram as percepções. Considerando as alterações na fala e as percepções dos pacientes, as contenções wrap-around apresentaram melhor desempenho e devem ser a primeira escolha quando a opção de contenção do arco superior for um aparelho removível.(AU)
Objective: To evaluate and compare the influence of different upper removable orthodontic retainers on speech and volunteers' perceptions to different conditions caused by their use. To correlate perceptions with each other and with upper arch dimensions. Material and Methods: 21 (n) volunteers were selected to use four types of upper removable retainers (conventional wrap-around, horseshoe-shaped wrap-around, wrap-around with an anterior "hole" and transparent thermoplastic retainer - TTR) for 21 days each, with intervals of 7 days without use between them. During the search, some volunteers dropped out or did not attend the evaluations and were excluded. Patients perceptions (final n=19) were evaluated with a visual analogue scale of 100 mm, and these were correlated with each other. Speech evaluation (final n=18) was performed in vocal excerpts recordings made before, immediately after and 21 days after the installation of each appliance, with Perceptual Auditory Analysis Auditory and Acoustic Analysis of formant frequencies F1 and F2 of the vowels. ANOVA for repeated measures and Friedman test with post hoc Tukey, in addition to Pearson and Spearman correlation for the evaluations were applied for statistics evaluation. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Different designs of wrap-around retainers did not differ significantly in any of the perceptions and TTR received significantly worse grades in all aspects, except for esthetics, which did not statistically differ from the others. Significant positive correlations were observed between changes in speech and discomfort on all appliances. Occlusal interference in TTR was very positively correlated to other perceptions, such as changes in speech and discomfort. Speech changes, evaluated by Perceptual Auditory Analysis, increased immediately after conventional wraparound and TTR installation, and reduced after 3 weeks of use, but not back to normal levels observed without device. However, this increase was statistically significant only for the conventional wrap-around and TTR, remaining significant high after 3 weeks. Formant frequencies of vowels were altered at initial time and the changes remained present in conventional, horseshoe-shaped and TTR appliances after 3 weeks. Conclusions: TTR was more harmful to speech than the wrap-around appliances. Among these, conventional and horseshoe-shaped has interfered less in speech. The 3-week period with retainers was not fully sufficient for speech adaptation. TTR was worse classified than the wrap-around retainers in all evaluated perceptions, except in esthetics, which did not differ significantly. Occlusal coverage of TTR seems to be the cause of its rejection and its major changes to speech. Upper arch dimensions little influence volunteers perceptions. Considering speech changes and volunteers perceptions, the wrap-around retainers had better performance and should be the first choice when retainer option is a removable device in the upper arch.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Articulation Disorders/etiology , Orthodontic Appliance Design/adverse effects , Orthodontic Appliances/adverse effects , Analysis of Variance , Auditory Perception , Reference Values , Speech Acoustics , Speech Articulation Tests , Treatment Outcome , Visual Analog ScaleABSTRACT
Introduction Phonological development occurs in a gradual manner until the age of 7 years. The phonological system is constructed in a similar way for all children, despite presenting some variations in terms of age, paths taken, or repair strategies used. Objective To compare the orofacial praxis abilities of children with typical phonological development (DFT), children with phonetic-phonological impairment (DFoFe), and children with phonological impairment (DF), using two tests to assess the orofacial praxis abilities. Methods The sample consisted of 82 subjects between 4 and 8 years of age who attended public schools (from preschool to the second year of secondary school) in the city of SantaMaria, Brazil. Of these, 29 were diagnosed with DFT, 29 with DF, and 24 with DFoFe; much of this sample wasmale. Two tests of praxis abilities and assessment of the stomatognathic system were administered. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, with a significance level of 5%. Results Generally children with DFoFe underperformed in tests of praxis when compared with subjects with DF and DFT. Conclusion The results showed that children with DFoFe have more difficulty in orofacial praxis abilities than subjects in the other groups studied. This result could be expected, because subjects with DFoFe show changes in both phonetic and phonological levels of speech.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Articulation Disorders , Speech Disorders/etiology , Speech/physiology , Speech Articulation Tests , Stomatognathic SystemABSTRACT
Objetivo Relacionar os achados da diadococinesia (DDC) oral com a função mastigatória em idosos saudáveis.Métodos Análise de prontuários e arquivos de imagens de 35 idosos saudáveis, entre 60 e 74 anos de idade. Considerou-se o tipo mastigatório e outros comportamentos associados à mastigação de uma fatia de pão francês de 1cm de espessura, análise da apreensão do alimento, formação do bolo alimentar e mensuração do tempo de mastigação, utilizando cronômetro. Para avaliação da DDC, foram analisadas as emissões silábicas "pa", "ta", "ka" e a trissílaba "pataka", quanto aos parâmetros fornecidos automaticamente pelo programaMotor Speech Profile Advanced -KayPentax®. Para correlação entre os aspectos qualitativos da função mastigatória e a DDC, foi realizada estatística pertinente.Resultados A análise estatística demonstrou correlação entre o tempo mastigatório e os parâmetros coeficiente de variação do pico da intensidade da sílaba ‘'ta'' e perturbações do período da sílaba ‘'ka'', indicando instabilidade da DDC. Para o tipo mastigatório, apreensão e formação do bolo alimentar não houve correlação com os dados da DDC oral.Conclusão A DDC oral correlacionou-se com o tempo mastigatório em idosos saudáveis, evidenciando que, quanto maior a instabilidade na repetição dos movimentos de ponta e dorso de língua durante a produção articulatória, maior o tempo necessário para a preparação do alimento para a deglutição.
Purpose To relate the findings of oral diadochokinesis (DDK) and masticatory function in healthy elderly.Methods Analysis of medical records and images files of 35 healthy elderly subjects aged 60 to 74 years. The masticatory type and other behaviors associated with mastication of bread (1cm thick), the analysis of food seizure, bolus formation and measurement of chewing time, using a timer, were considered. For DDK assessment, the syllabic emissions "pa", "ta", "ka" and the tri-syllable "pataka", as to the parameters automatically provided by the Motor Speech Profile Advanced program (KayPentax®), were analyzed. Relevant statistics was performed for the correlation between the qualitative aspects of masticatory function and DDK.Results The statistical analysis showed a correlation between the chewing time and the parameters coefficient of peak intensity variation of syllable ‘'ta'' and disturbance time of syllable "ka'', indicating DDK instability. No correlation with the data of oral DDK was seen for the masticatory type, seizure and bolus formation.Conclusion Oral DDK correlated with the chewing time in healthy elderly, showing that the higher the instability in the repetition of movements of the tip and the back of the tongue, during articulatory production, the longer the time required to prepare the food for swallowing.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Health of the Elderly , Masticatory Muscles , Speech Articulation Tests , Aging , Bite Force , Diagnostic Imaging , Medical Records , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To identify and describe the speech rate and fluency of children with phonological disorder (PD) with and without speech-language therapy.METHODS: Thirty children, aged 5-8 years old, both genders, were divided into three groups: experimental group 1 (G1) - 10 children with PD in intervention; experimental group 2 (G2) - 10 children with PD without intervention; and control group (CG) - 10 children with typical development. Speech samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of specific protocol.RESULTS: The children in CG had higher number of words per minute compared to those in G1, which, in turn, performed better in this aspect compared to children in G2. Regarding the number of syllables per minute, the CG showed the best result. In this aspect, the children in G1 showed better results than those in G2.CONCLUSION: Comparing children's performance in the assessed groups regarding the tests, those with PD in intervention had higher time of speech sample and adequate speech rate, which may be indicative of greater auditory monitoring of their own speech as a result of the intervention.
OBJETIVO: Verificar e descrever a velocidade e fluência de fala de crianças com Distúrbio Fonológico (DF) com e sem intervenção fonoaudiológica.MÉTODOS:30 crianças, 5 a 8 anos de idade, ambos os gêneros, sendo: Grupo experimental 1 (G1) - dez crianças com DF em intervenção; Grupo experimental 2 (G2) - dez crianças com DF sem intervenção; e Grupo controle (GC) - dez crianças com desenvolvimento típico. As amostras de fala foram coletadas e analisadas segundo parâmetros de protocolo específico da área.RESULTADOS: As crianças do GC apresentaram maior quantidade de palavras por minuto em comparação às crianças do G1, que, por sua vez, apresentaram melhor desempenho nesse aspecto em comparação às crianças do G2. Em relação à quantidade de sílabas por minuto, o GC foi o que apresentou melhor resultado. Nesse aspecto, as crianças do G1 apresentaram resultados melhores que os das crianças do G2.CONCLUSÃO: Comparando o desempenho das crianças dos grupos analisados nas provas aplicadas, as crianças com DF em intervenção apresentaram tempo maior de amostra de fala e velocidade de fala adequada, podendo ser indicativo de um maior monitoramento auditivo da própria fala como resultado da intervenção.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Language Development Disorders/diagnosis , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Speech/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Language Tests , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech TherapyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Allergic rhinitis can cause changes in stomatognathic functions, which may alter the mandibular dynamics. Electrognathography is used in the recording of jaw movements, making it valid for analysis of movements in speech.PURPOSE: To characterize the amplitude and velocity of jaw movements during speech in children with and without allergic rhinitis.METHODS: The sample consisted of 32 children aged 7-12 years, treated at a university hospital, divided into two groups: one with rhinitis and the other without rhinitis. To capture the jaw movements during speech, we used an electrognathography with the aid of a list of phonetically balanced figures. For the analysis of data, we used, in addition to descriptive statistics, nonparametric tests, Spearman correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney test, with a significant value of p=0.05.RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in jaw movements between groups, with values of p equals to 0.175, 0.650, and 0.462 for amplitude and jaw opening and closing velocity, respectively. However, a strong correlation was observed between the variables velocity and amplitude of mouth opening, being slightly higher in the group of children with allergic rhinitis.CONCLUSION: The amplitude and velocity of jaw movements are found to be similar in children with and without allergic rhinitis, and a correlation exits between these variables. In addition, they were more heterogeneous in the group without allergic rhinitis.
INTRODUÇÃO: A rinite alérgica pode causar alterações nas funções estomatognáticas; tais modificações podem alterar a dinâmica mandibular. A eletrognatografia é utilizada no registro dos movimentos de mandíbula, o que a torna válida para análise desses movimentos na fala.OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a amplitude e a velocidade dos movimentos de mandíbula durante a fala em crianças com e sem rinite alérgica.MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 32 crianças com idade entre 7 e 12 anos, atendidas em um hospital universitário, divididas em dois grupos, um de riníticos e outro de não riníticos. Para captação dos movimentos mandibulares durante a fala, foi utilizado um eletrognatógrafo com o auxílio de uma lista de figuras foneticamente balanceadas. Na análise dos dados utilizaram-se, além da estatística descritiva, os testes não paramétricos, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e o teste de Mann-Whitney, considerando significativo o valor de p=0,05.RESULTADOS: Não se observou diferença significativa nos movimentos mandibulares entre os grupos, com valores de p iguais a 0,175, 0,650 e 0,462, para a amplitude e as velocidades de abertura e o fechamento mandibular, respectivamente. No entanto, houve correlação forte entre as variáveis velocidade e amplitude de abertura da boca, sendo discretamente maior no grupo de crianças com rinite alérgica.CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se que a amplitude e a velocidade dos movimentos mandibulares são semelhantes em crianças com e sem rinite alérgica, e que existe correlação entre estas variáveis; além disso, seus valores apresentaram-se de forma mais heterogênea nos não riníticos.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Mouth Breathing/etiology , Rhinitis, Allergic/complications , Speech/physiology , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Mandible , Speech Articulation Tests , Temporomandibular Joint/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported estimates of the association between gestational syphilis (GS) and stillbirth in the Americas region. METHODS: Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, PLOS, and ScienceDirect were searched for original research studies quantifying the relationship between GS and stillbirth in the region. A final sample of eight studies was selected. A cumulative meta-analysis plus four subgroup meta-analyses of study data on the association between maternal syphilis during pregnancy and stillbirth were conducted. The four meta-analyses were based on 1) definition of cases and the control; 2) syphilis treatment (presence or absence, effective or ineffective); 3) definition of stillbirth as "showing no signs of life at birth"; and 4) definition of stillbirth based on low birth weight and gestational age. Random-effects metaanalyses were used to calculate pooled estimates of stillbirth with exposure to GS, and each subgroup analysis was tested for heterogeneity. RESULTS: Women with GS had increased odds of stillbirth (pooled odds ratio (OR): 6.87; 95% confidence interval: 2.93, 16.08). There was considerable heterogeneity across the eight studies (percentage of variance (I²) = 95). The funnel plot was not statistically significant, pointing to a lack of publication bias. Increased odds of stillbirth among pregnant women with syphilis were also seen in all four subgroup meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS: GS is a major contributing factor for stillbirths in the Americas. Interventions targeting GS are highly cost-effective and, along with high-quality point-of-care testing, should be implemented across the region to help reach the goal of eliminating congenital syphilis.
OBJETIVO: Llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática y metanálisis de los cálculos notificados de la asociación entre sífilis gestacional (SG) y mortinatalidad en la Región de las Américas. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda en Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, PLOS y ScienceDirect de estudios de investigación originales que cuantificaran la relación entre la SG y la mortinatalidad en la Región de las Américas. Se seleccionó una muestra final de ocho estudios. Se efectuaron un meta-nálisis acumulativo y cuatro metanálisis de subgrupo de los datos de estudio sobre la asociación entre sífilis materna durante el embarazo y mortinatalidad. Los cuatro metanálisis se basaron en 1) la definición de casos y del control; 2) el tratamiento de la sífilis (presencia o ausencia, eficaz o ineficaz); 3) la definición de mortinatalidad como "ausencia de signos de vida al nacer"; y 4) la definición de mortinatalidad basada en el bajo peso al nacer y la edad gestacional. Se emplearon metanálisis de efectos aleatorios para calcular las estimaciones acumuladas de mortinatalidad con exposición a la SG, y se comprobó la heterogeneidad de cada uno de los análisis de subgrupo. RESULTADOS: Las mujeres con SG presentaron mayores probabilidades de mortinatalidad (razón de posibilidades [OR] acumulada: 6,87; IC de 95%: 2,93-16,08). Se observó una heterogeneidad considerable en los ocho estudios (porcentaje de variación [I2] = 95). El gráfico en embudo no fue estadísticamente significativo, lo que indica una ausencia de sesgo de publicación. En los cuatro metanálisis de subgrupo, también se observaron mayores probabilidades de mortinatalidad en las mujeres embarazadas con sífilis. CONCLUSIONES: La SG es un importante factor contribuyente a la mortinatalidad en la Región de las Américas. Las intervenciones dirigidas a la SG son altamente eficaces en función de los costos y deben ejecutarse en toda la región, junto con las pruebas diagnósticas de alta calidad en el lugar de asistencia, para ayudar a alcanzar la meta de eliminación de la sífilis congénita.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Articulation Disorders/epidemiology , Cleft Lip/surgery , Cleft Palate/surgery , Articulation Disorders/diagnosis , Articulation Disorders/etiology , Audiometry , Cleft Lip/physiopathology , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Saudi Arabia/epidemiology , Speech , Speech Articulation TestsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant disease of the parathyroid glands that appears in less than 1% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In the literature, the generally recommended treatment is en bloc tumor excision with ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy. Based on our 12 years of experience, we discuss the necessity of performing thyroid lobectomy on parathyroid carcinoma patients. RESULTS: Eleven parathyroid carcinoma cases were included in the study. All operations were performed at the Department of Endocrine Surgery at Ankara University Medical School. Seven of the patients were male (63.6%), and the mean patient age was 48.9 ± 14.0 years. Hyperparathyroidism was the most common indication for surgery (n ϝ 10, 90.9%). Local disease was detected in 5 patients (45.5%), invasive disease was detected in 5 patients (45.5%) and metastatic disease was detected in 1 patient (9.1%). The mean follow-up period was 99.6 ± 42.1 months, and the patients' average disease-free survival was 96.0 ± 49.0 months. During the follow-up period, only 1 patient died of metastatic parathyroid carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Parathyroid carcinoma has a slow-growing natural progression, and regional lymph node metastases are uncommon. Although our study comprised few patients, it nevertheless showed that in selected cases, parathyroid carcinoma could be solely treated with parathyroidectomy. .
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Multilingualism , Phonetics , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Diagnosis, Differential , Language Therapy , Singapore , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech Production Measurement , Speech Therapy , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Speech Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Objetivo Analisar e comparar o voice onset time (VOT) em falantes do português brasileiro com e sem gagueira, com foco em três momentos diferentes de discurso: fala fluente, pré-disfluência e pós-disfluência. Métodos Foram feitas gravações da fala de 20 participantes (n=10 com gagueira e n=10 sem gagueira). Os dados foram transcritos e segmentados para análise acústica e segmentos de oclusivas não vozeadas do Português Brasileiro, /p/, /t/ e /k/ foram extraídos. Os segmentos foram classificados por grupo - se foram produzidos por pessoas que gaguejam (PG) ou por pessoas que não gaguejam (PnG) - e de acordo com o contexto/ambiente de fala (ou seja, na fala fluente, na pré-disfluência, e na pós-disfluência). Os testes Friedman e Wilcoxon foram utilizados para comparação dentro dos grupos e o teste de Mann-Whitney, em comparações intergrupos. As análises estatísticas foram executadas usando SPSS 14.0, com nível de significância de α=0,05. Resultados O VOT de falantes com e sem gagueira diferiu mais no ambiente de pré-disfluência, durante o qual, falantes com gagueira apresentaram VOT significativamente mais longo do que falantes que não gaguejavam. Depois de passar por um momento de disfluência, no entanto, o VOT dos participantes com gagueira retornou a medidas semelhantes às pessoas que não gaguejavam. Conclusão Nos ambientes de pré-disfluência e pós-disfluência, as PG produzem VOT mais longos do que as PnG. Já no discurso fluente de PG, as oclusivas se comportam de forma diferente. São discutidas as implicações desses resultados para o controle motor da fala. .
Purpose To analyze and compare the voice onset time (VOT) in Brazilian Portuguese speakers who stutter and those who do not, focusing on three different moments of speech: fluent, pre-dysfluent and post-dysfluent environments. Methods Twenty participants (n=10 with stuttering and n=10 without stuttering) were recorded. The data were transcribed and segmented for acoustic analysis, and it was extracted tokens of Brazilian Portuguese voiceless stops /p/, /t/ and /k/. Tokens were classified according to whether they were produced by people who stutter (PWS) or by people who do not stutter (PWnS), and according to their environment in speech (i.e., in fluent speech, pre-dysfluency, and post-dysfluency). For comparisons within groups it were used the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, and the Mann-Whitney test was used in intergroup comparisons. Statistical analyses were executed using SPSS 14.0 with the significance level set at α=0.05. Results VOT in stuttering and non-stuttering speakers differed most in the environment of pre-dysfluencies, during which stuttering speakers show significantly longer VOT than speakers who do not stutter. After passing through a moment of dysfluency, however, stuttering speakers’ VOT returns to measures similar to non-stuttering speakers’. Conclusion In pre-dysfluent and post-dysfluent speech, PWS produces longer VOT than PWnS. In the fluent speech of PWS, the stops behave differently. The implications of these results for speech motor control are discussed. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Communication Disorders , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech Disorders , Stuttering/therapy , Motor Skills , Vocal CordsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent of speech articulation disorder in ankyloglossia patients and to determine whether picture consonant articulation test has potential as a screening test to predict the outcome of surgery. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A total of 35 patients (25 boys and 10 girls with mean age of 3.69+/-1.18 years) with ankyloglossia who underwent frenotomy and recovered completely without complications were enrolled in this study. We examined the correlation between the subjective satisfaction of parents and the results of picture consonant articulation test. RESULTS: In the picture consonant articulation test, 20 patients (20/35, 57.14%) needed postoperative speech therapy. When the resutls of preoperative picture consonant articulation test and postoperative parents' subjective satisfaction were compared, "normal" had a satisfaction score of 4.53+/-0.74 points, "consider" had 3.89+/-1.05 points, and "demand" had 3.27+/-1.45 points. When a postoperative speech therapy was required, parents' satisfaction decreased (correlation coefficient r=-0.456). CONCLUSION: The preoperative picture consonant test in our study showed potential as a screening test for predicting the outcome of surgery for ankyloglossia patients.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Articulation Disorders , Mass Screening , Parents , Speech Articulation Tests , Speech TherapyABSTRACT
This study compared long-term speech performance after cochlear implantation (CI) between surgical strategies in patients with chronic otitis media (COM). Thirty patients with available open-set sentence scores measured more than 2 yr postoperatively were included: 17 who received one-stage surgeries (One-stage group), and the other 13 underwent two-stage surgeries (Two-stage group). Preoperative inflammatory status, intraoperative procedures, postoperative outcomes were compared. Among 17 patients in One-stage group, 12 underwent CI accompanied with the eradication of inflammation; CI without eradicating inflammation was performed on 3 patients; 2 underwent CIs via the transcanal approach. Thirteen patients in Two-stage group received the complete eradication of inflammation as first-stage surgery, and CI was performed as second-stage surgery after a mean interval of 8.2 months. Additional control of inflammation was performed in 2 patients at second-stage surgery for cavity problem and cholesteatoma, respectively. There were 2 cases of electrode exposure as postoperative complication in the two-stage group; new electrode arrays were inserted and covered by local flaps. The open-set sentence scores of Two-stage group were not significantly higher than those of One-stage group at 1, 2, 3, and 5 yr postoperatively. Postoperative long-term speech performance is equivalent when either of two surgical strategies is used to treat appropriately selected candidates.